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Psychiatric Associates of Atlanta, LLC

Why are there so many medications for depression and anxiety?

Clinical depression and anxiety disorders are treatable with a wide range of medications (e.g., SSRI, SNRI, DNRI, NSRI, TCA, MAOI, etc.). These different terms can be confusing and overwhelming. Antidepressant and anti-anxiety medications fall into many different categories; however, all are effective at treating a majority of individuals. The goal is working with your health provider in finding an appropriate treatment option for you. The list below is not exhaustive but provides an overview of some of the treatment options available. Your physician is the best source of information about what, if any, medication is right for you.

SSRI (Serotonin Selective Reuptake Inhibitors)

How they work: An SSRI works by stabilizing levels of serotonin, an important neurotransmiter. Low levels of serotonin have been linked to depression and anxiety.

Examples: Celexa, Lexapro, Luvox, Paxil, Prozac, Zoloft

Advantages: Generally few side effects, very effective, and safe. An SSRI is generally the first choice of most physicians.

Disadvantages: Can have sexual side effects.

SNRI (Serotonin-Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors)

How they work: An SNRI works by stabilizing levels of both sertonin and norepinephine, another neurotransmitter.

Examples: Effexor, Cymbalta

Advantages: Some patients respond better to this dual medication.

Disadvantages: May cause an elevation in blood pressure.

DNRI (Dopamine-Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors)

How they work: A DNRI works by stabilizing levels of dopamine, another neurotransmitter, and norepinephrine.

Example: WellbutrinXL

Advantages: No sexual side effects. Can decrease tobacco cravings.

Disadvantages: Not as effective in treating anxiety and small seizure risk.

NSRI (Norepinephrine Selective Reuptake Inhibitors)

How they work: A NSRI works by selectively stabilizing levels of norepinephrine.

Example: Strattera

Advantages: Can work for attention-deficit disorder (ADD).

Disadvantages: Can cause nausea and vomiting.

Other common antidepressants

How they work: Most antidepressants work in some way on the levels of serotonin and/or norepinephrine in the brain.

Examples: Serzone, Remeron, Elavil, Pamelor

Advantages: May be used based on symptoms or if other medications are not effective.

Disadvantages: May have unwanted side effects or need to be taken more than once per day.

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